28 Mayıs 2015 Perşembe

Cassious and Brutus









Sezar'in kral seçilmesinden korkan Cassius konuyu Brutus'e açar:


Senin ne kadar değerli bir insan oldugunu, baskalarinin iyiliğini düşündüğünü bilirim
Zaten onurdan bahsetmek istiyorum; der
Sen veya baska insanların bu hayat hakkında ne düşündüğünüzü bilmem
ama sen de ben de Sezar gibi özgür doğduk
ayni şeyleri yiyip ictik;
kışın soğuğuna ayni sekilde dayandık;

Bir keresinde fırtınalı bir günde Sezar Tiber nehrine dalmıştı beni de yanına çağırdı
Cesaret edebilirsen gel dedi.

sonra ne oldu?
suya kapıldı, onu ben kurtardim...
Atamız Aenes in Truvanın yangınından insanları kurtardığı gibi  onu  kurtardım
simdi bu adam başımıza Tanrı kesildi,
Cassious'a ne oldu? Sezar'ın önünde eğilmesi gereken değersiz biri oldu
Sezar'da canı isterse aldırmaz  bir tavırla bir baş selamı verir o kadar.
Bir keresinde de İspanya da ateşlenmişti
Titriyordu, yaa, bu kudretli adam o zaman titriyordu
Beti benzi atti, dudaklarından kan çekildi
bu dunyanın korktugu gözlerin feri söndü
Romalilara emreden, kitaplara konu olan konuşmalar yapan  bu dil
"Bana bir bardak su ver Titius diye inliyordu.
Küçük bir kız çocuğu gibi hastaydı
Ya böyle bir adam şimdi dünyaya hükmedecek,
Tacı yalnız takacak...







I know that virtue to be in you, Brutus,

As well as I do know your outward favour.
Well, honour is the subject of my story.
I cannot tell what you and other men
Think of this life; but, for my single self,
I had as lief not be as live to be
In awe of such a thing as I myself.
I was born free as Caesar; so were you:
We both have fed as well, and we can both
Endure the winter's cold as well as he:
For once, upon a raw and gusty day,
The troubled Tiber chafing with her shores,
Caesar said to me 'Darest thou, Cassius, now
Leap in with me into this angry flood,
And swim to yonder point?' Upon the word,
Accoutred as I was, I plunged in
And bade him follow; so indeed he did.
The torrent roar'd, and we did buffet it
With lusty sinews, throwing it aside
And stemming it with hearts of controversy;
But ere we could arrive the point proposed,
Caesar cried 'Help me, Cassius, or I sink!'
I, as Aeneas, our great ancestor,
Did from the flames of Troy upon his shoulder
The old Anchises bear, so from the waves of Tiber
Did I the tired Caesar. And this man
Is now become a god, and Cassius is
A wretched creature and must bend his body,
If Caesar carelessly but nod on him.
He had a fever when he was in Spain,
And when the fit was on him, I did mark
How he did shake: 'tis true, this god did shake;
His coward lips did from their colour fly,
And that same eye whose bend doth awe the world
Did lose his lustre: I did hear him groan:
Ay, and that tongue of his that bade the Romans
Mark him and write his speeches in their books,
Alas, it cried 'Give me some drink, Titinius,'
As a sick girl. Ye gods, it doth amaze me
A man of such a feeble temper should
So get the start of the majestic world
And bear the palm alone.
Brutus


26 Mayıs 2015 Salı

What conquest brings he home?/ Nereyi fethetti?



 The Tragedy of Julius Caesar by William Shakespeare.



Sezar Milattan Önce 100 yılında doğmus ve 44 yilinda öldürülmüş olan Romalı Komutan, Devlet Adami ve 'Consul' dur.

Romalılar ilk basta krallık sistemini denedilerse de sonra tek adam iktidarı istemeyip Cumhuriyet idaresini secmişlerdir. Bu sistemde iki veya üç Consul devleti yönetir. Oy birligiyle karar almaları gerekir. Senato asilzade ve zenginlerin idaresindedir, sonralari tribun denilen halk meclisi de kurulmus once iki sonra 10 kisilik bir halk meclisi oluturulmustur.

Sezar tanınmış bir aileden geliyor, basarılı bir komutan hemen hemen butun Fransa yı ele geçiriyor, Manş denizini ilk defa gecen komutan oluyor ( adanin esas isgali bundan 100 sene sonra bir baska komutan tarafindan yapilacaktir- (bu bir cesit ön çalışma belki)

 Daha sonra Rhine ırmagını da ilk gecen Romalı komutan oluyor. Zalimlikte o kadar ün salmış ki önce bir grup Alman kendilerine zarar vermesin diye Rhine nehrini geçmesine yardımcı olmayı teklif ediyorlar. Sezar kabul etmiyor; köprü yaptırıp ırmağı ordularıyla geçiyor; önüne gelen köyleri yakıp yıkıyor sonra geri dönüp köprüyü tekrar yıkıyor. Belki de 'istersem gene gelirim' demek istiyor.
Veni vidi vici / Geldim gördüm yendim sözü de ona aittir.

Daha sonra başarılı bir Ispanya seferi yapıyor ve ordularıyla Roma ya geri dönüyor. Yalnız burada bir sorun var Senato askeri darbe yapilmasini istemediği ve Cumhuriyet rejimini korumayı istedigi için, Roma'ya komutanların askerle girmelerini yasak etmis. Askerin Rubicon irmaginin kuzeyinde kalması gerekiyor.

Sezar irmagi gecip Roma da idareyi tek basina ele gecirmeyi istiyor. Bugun hala ingilizce de 'dönüşü olmayan bir yola girmek ve sonu belli olmayan bir maceraya atilmak" manasına "Rubicon'u geçmek" değimi kullanılır.

Sezarin bu tek adam olma emelinden önce Roma da üçlü bir yönetim vardı ve bu üçlüden biri olan Pompei cok sevilen bir komutandı. Fakat Sezar'la aralarinda çıkan anlasmazlık ve iç savaşlar yüzünden Pompei, Misir'a kaçmak zorunda kalmış ve(onlarda da Sezar korkusu agir basmis olacak ki)Mısır'li yöneticiler tarafindan öldürülmüştür.
Sezar bununla da yetinmeyip Pompey'in Roma da kalan çocuklarını da öldürtmüş.

Işte William Shakespear'in Sezar tiyatro oyunu bu tarihi dönemeçte başlıyor.
Sezar in Roma'ya askeriyle birlikte girmesi üzerine onun taraftarları şenlikler yapıyor.
Ust düzey yöneticiler de halktan kişilere; "haddinizi bilmiyorsunuz, bir süre evvel ayni gosterileri Pompey'e yapıyordunuz; simdi Sezar ganimetlerle kölelerle Roma'ya dönünce kıymetli oldu; onu karşılıyorsunuz. Dağılın evlerinize" diye bagırıyorlar.

"Bugün tatil değil bir şey değil gidin işinizin başına..."diyorlar "yalnış yoldasınız yerde Pompeyin kanı var tövbe edin" diyorlar ama fayda etmiyor. Sezar kendini ömür boyu diktatör ilan ediyor.



Wherefore rejoice? What conquest brings he home?
What tributaries follow him to Rome,
To grace in captive bonds his chariot-wheels?
You blocks, you stones, you worse than senseless things!
O you hard hearts, you cruel men of Rome,
Knew you not Pompey? Many a time and oft
Have you climb'd up to walls and battlements,
To towers and windows, yea, to chimney-tops,
Your infants in your arms, and there have sat
The livelong day, with patient expectation,
To see great Pompey pass the streets of Rome:
And when you saw his chariot but appear,
Have you not made an universal shout,
That Tiber trembled underneath her banks,
To hear the replication of your sounds
Made in her concave shores?
And do you now put on your best attire?
And do you now cull out a holiday?
And do you now strew flowers in his way
That comes in triumph over Pompey's blood? Be gone!
Run to your houses, fall upon your knees,
Pray to the gods to intermit the plague
That needs must light on this ingratitude.

Inanmak istediğimize inanırız herkesi de kendimiz gibi düşünüyor sanırız...

13 Mayıs 2015 Çarşamba

Committee of Union and Progress



Jamil remembers how he first became a member of Committee of Union and Progress back in 1906
Ittihad ve Terakki Partisi uyeligi





 Jamil became a member of the Committee of Union and Progress when Patriot urged him. It was 1906. They were in Monastir Macedonia; and they were walking towards their destination on a rainy night. When they reached the corner; Omer the Patriot apologized and said he needed to blindfold him. Holding his arm he guided Jamil through the muddy streets. Upon arriving at their destination; he rang the door bell three times. Someone on the other side of the door said first, “Muin” then “Hilal” three times each. Patriot answered, by saying ‘Hilal’ three times “Muin” only once. Then he removed Jamil’s blindfold and Jamil saw three people in red gowns and black masks. There was a table and on it there was a book and a pistol. He heard a voice that he recognized. It was Eyub Sabri’s voice saying, “Have you decided to join the Commitee? Have you given this a lot of thought? Are you sure?”
Jamil said, “Yes”.
“Do you understand that if you do not follow the rules you will be executed?”
“Yes Sir, I understand the rules.”
He had to take an oath to be a member of the committee for life, thus making him member number: 9-2

If things turned out for the worse, he could have ended up in exile in a place like Fezzan, Taif or Yemen for life. At the time men who would take this road, would forget about getting married to Royal Princesses, being military envoy to important Capitals, or getting promoted to higher ranks. They would have to give up a bright future. But if they were successful; it would mean Freedom for the country. So what would this Freedom look like?  He imagined it as being able to do anything he wanted. But how would this be compatible with the current strict military rules?
Jamil reminded himself that they didn't have to debate such details, because within just two years, by sending a couple of telegrams they achieved their goal. They brought Freedom to the country.
Jamil was still gazing at the picture on the wall. Nazmi died defending Edirne which was under siege. He didn’t have time to learn that their party was ruling the country now. They were controlling the vast Empire from Danube to Basra; from Sinop to Libya. Nazmi died when he was twenty six. He died hungry, sick and desperate.

In the picture, Nazmi was also smiling sadly as if he heard his son calling him “Unionist Infidel.”
Neriman came upstairs looking very pale. “He was a doctor. His name was Rashid… A governor. He escaped from jail recently.”  She approached Jamil and whispered. “Was he the friend you were expecting?”
“No, he wasn't.”
“Did you know Governor Rashid personally?
“No, I didn't know him.”
“Then why did you ask me to open the door for him? You asked about whether it was possible to enter the neighbor’s yard”. She was obviously shaken; the fear rising up from her throat to her lips. Her lips started to pucker. The stern look in her eyes was turning into fear. “If he entered our house and was seen by the police, they would have raided the house. What would you have done? Would you have fought with them?”


Jamil leaned forward to look directly in her eyes; Neriman knelt down on the floor in desperation, with her hand on her mouth. “You were ready to fight Jamil; you were going to die as well.”
“What are you talking about?” Jamil smiled weakly. “That’s all nonsense. Nothing like that was going to happen.”He reached out to touch her shoulder and then stopped. He said, “Why are you crying? Why are you getting worked up?”

“Jamil, I am not a child.” She raised her head, “I can understand. They said they had been after Dr.  Rashid for a couple of days now. They were determined to find him dead or alive. Had they not found him, they were going to arrest the officers who were suspected to have helped him and hung them instead.”  There were tears in her eyes. “Why don’t you think about us? We have waited for you to return for so many years.”
“You have waited and I have come.” He touched her cheek, “Please, don’t cry over nothing. It is nothing to worry about. Hush now.”
“You came back, but you aren't really here. You are always anxious. Always distracted by sounds. Always on the alert. If someone called you from the street in the middle of the night; you would go in a second, grabbing your gun on the way out.”
“Would I?”Jamil was asking the question to himself. He was thinking. “You are wrong. I am so tired I don’t feel like moving; even the German cranes can’t lift me now from my spot.”
“Well, I know exactly what is going on, I understood very well indeed. Don’t do that. It is enough already. Enough fighting. You don’t need your salary. Thank God, we have enough income.” She was brushing her cheek against his hand and begging him to stop. “Think about us.” She paused for a while. “The Military Officer who came yesterday…Did he ask you to hide that man? Did you accept? You did. I know you did.”
“Come on, Neriman, of course not. Please believe me, and don’t think like that.”
“You were waiting for him.” She was looking at the gun. “You were going to fight. Your face changed suddenly. You are so used to war. Can’t you just stop? How long will it last? The other day I was thinking, seventeen years ago you were sent to jail. Then you went to Macedonia, then Libya, and then the Balkan wars started. Then four years in the Great War. In those four years did you even think about us for a minute?”
“Please you are being unfair. Look at me.” He held her face in both hands and leaned over to kiss her. “I don’t have anyone else in this life, only you. I told you so many times. I was thinking of you always...even during the hardest times. When I was thinking of you I was scared of dying.  You don’t know how I missed you.”
“You missed me but you didn't come back to me when the war ended. Why didn't you come right away? So many months have passed since the war ended.”
“I have already explained that to you.”
“It wasn't your responsibility to transport the guns to a hidden location.”
“It was on my way. Before coming home I thought I could move the guns.”
Neriman didn't want him to kiss her so she pretended to have heard something and turned towards the door. “I need to go to kitchen to check the oven.”
“Stay a little longer. I think there is some brandy in the cupboard, will you give me some?”
Neriman stopped at the door, “I've asked you to not to drink this early in the day.” She looked wistfully at him. Then her expression turned to forgiveness and she smiled. Her smile was like those of young mothers who are looking at their naughty children. She was shaking her head as she was going to the cupboard to get the brandy. She had a tight dress on and Jamil was admiring her narrow waist and curvy hips.


“Where have you put the bottle? I can’t see it.” Neriman’s voice was flirtatious. She was trying to seduce him.

Jamil wiped his mouth with the back of his hand, approached her gently from behind and grabbed her large breasts with both hands.

 “Let me go. What are you thinking? It’s the middle of the day.”Neriman quickly straightened up and she turned away trying to get herself free. Jamil leaned in to her red lips which are half open; he inhaled her perfume. “Let me go.... Please...”
“I will tell you something, don’t just go yet” He was slowly pushing her towards the bed, trying not to alarm her. “Come, don’t worry.”
“No, I don’t want this.” When the back of her knee hit the bed, Neriman fell backwards on the bed. There was horror in her eyes. For a moment she really resisted. “No, please not in this room.”

In this room Nazmi’s picture was on the wall. They always made love here when it was dark. They were always shy, ashamed and embarrassed, as if it was a great sin. They didn’t want Salime and Enver to hear anything.  This whole shyness was hurting Jamil’s pride as a man, sneaking around like a thief. But now, he was pulling her clothes off her and he was rough; he had run out of patience. In his haste he didn't even realize that Neriman was ready to make love as well, like him, without the shame. She was willing as much as he was. Jamil was thinking that Neriman was refusing him. What should have been a gentle love making, he was turning into a fight.
Neriman put her arms over her face. Jamil wanted to see everything but he closed his eyes when he saw Neriman’s beautiful naked body. The whole time they didn’t say anything to each other. Both were feeling guilty. When it was over Neriman, her gaze downcast left the room quickly.
Jamil didn't know what to do. He stood stoically in the middle of the room, listening to her footsteps going downstairs. He didn't feel like drinking anymore but still, he went to the cupboard to find the bottle. Purposely ignoring the picture on the wall, he walked over to the window.
Dr. Rashid, the powerful Governor of the Unionist Regime, was still lying under those mats, like a child playing hide and seek. As if he could feel the February cold outside, Jamil shuddered for him. Just before his death Rashid understood what it is like to be followed, what it is like to be cornered like an animal. Once others feared for their lives because of him; now he tasted the same fear before his death.
Once again, Jamil was thinking about the great power of a little bullet while he was pulling out the cork of the bottle with his teeth. All of life’s labours, hopes, despairs, trust, insecurities, pride, shame, everything; all of this comes to an end by a single tiny bullet.

Still looking at the body lying in the middle of the field he raised the bottle. He was almost going to say “For your Honour” as they used to do when war ended. They would stand in attendance and raise their first glass in honour of their fallen comrades.
He didn't even know the man; he thought it was stupid to honour the Bashi-bozouk. Instead, he went to sit down on the sofa. He started to drink out of the bottle, until he felt numb.
The wind picked up. The view from the window was obscured by the snow flying everywhere.
His stomach was feeling the warmth and the relaxing effects of alcohol. It was spreading through his bloodstream and finally reaching his heart.

He started to look for his cigarettes; he had that bitter aftertaste of the brandy in his mouth. Later he went downstairs to the living room...



From the book the Tired Warrior by Kemal Tahir
Translated by Elif Erkmen

A million young workmen by Carl Sandburg




A million young workmen straight and strong lay stiff on the grass and roads,
And the million are now under soil and their rottening flesh will in the years feed roots of blood-red roses.
Yes, this million of young workmen slaughtered one another and never saw their red hands.
And oh, it would have been a great job of killing and a new and beautiful thing under the sun if the million knew why they hacked and tore each other to death.
The kings are grinning, the Kaiser and the czar—they are alive riding in leather-seated motor cars, and they have their women and roses for ease, and they eat fresh-poached eggs for breakfast, new butter on toast, sitting in tall water-tight houses reading the news of war.
I dreamed a million ghosts of the young workmen rose in their shirts all soaked in crimson … and yelled:
God damn the grinning kings, God damn the kaiser and the czar. 

7 Mayıs 2015 Perşembe

Fence/ Demir Parmaklik




Fence By Carl Sandburg
Translation Elif Mat Erkmen






FENCE
Now the stone house on the lake front is finished and the
     workmen are beginning the fence.
The palings are made of iron bars with steel points that
     can stab the life out of any man who falls on them.
As a fence, it is a masterpiece, and will shut off the rabble
     and all vagabonds and hungry men and all wandering
     children looking for a place to play.
Passing through the bars and over the steel points will go
     nothing except Death and the Rain and To-morrow.












Demir Parmaklık


Göl kenarındaki taş evin yapımı bitti,


Parmaklıklar demir çubuklardan uçları çelik sivri uçlardan yapılmış,
üzerine düşen herkesi anında öldürebilir


Bir demir parmaklık olarak   harika bütün ayak-akımını
serserileri, açları etrafta dolaşıp oynayacak yer arayan çocukları
dışarıda tutabilir.


Bu parmaklıkların arasından hiç bir şey geçemez
Ölüm Yağmur ve Yarınlar dışında













2 Mayıs 2015 Cumartesi

Chicago by Carl Sandburg



Hog Butcher for the World,
   Tool Maker, Stacker of Wheat,
   Player with Railroads and the Nation's Freight Handler;
   Stormy, husky, brawling,
   City of the Big Shoulders:

They tell me you are wicked and I believe them, for I have seen your painted women under the gas lamps luring the farm boys.
And they tell me you are crooked and I answer: Yes, it is true I have seen the gunman kill and go free to kill again.
And they tell me you are brutal and my reply is: On the faces of women and children I have seen the marks of wanton hunger.
And having answered so I turn once more to those who sneer at this my city, and I give them back the sneer and say to them:
Come and show me another city with lifted head singing so proud to be alive and coarse and strong and cunning.
Flinging magnetic curses amid the toil of piling job on job, here is a tall bold slugger set vivid against the little soft cities;
resim Joseph Alleman

Fierce as a dog with tongue lapping for action, cunning as a savage pitted against the wilderness,
   Bareheaded,
   Shoveling,
   Wrecking,
   Planning,
   Building, breaking, rebuilding,
resim Joseph Alleman

Under the smoke, dust all over his mouth, laughing with white teeth,
Under the terrible burden of destiny laughing as a young man laughs,
Laughing even as an ignorant fighter laughs who has never lost a battle,
Bragging and laughing that under his wrist is the pulse, and under his ribs the heart of the people,
                   Laughing!
Laughing the stormy, husky, brawling laughter of Youth, half-naked, sweating, proud to be Hog Butcher, Tool Maker, Stacker of Wheat, Player with Railroads and Freight Handler to the Nation.

Chicago

Dünyanın domuz kasabi,
Sanayicisi,
Buğday Deposu,
Demiryolu Sahibi, Memleketin  Baş Nakliyatçısı
 Fırtınalı, Kavgaci, İriyarı
Geniş Omuzluların Şehri:

Senin kötü olduğunu söylediler, inanırım, boyalı kadınların 
lambaların altinda ciftci delikanlılarını tavladıklarını gördüm,

Düzenbaz olduğunu söylediler, cevabım:
Evet doğru, serserilerin adam öldürdüğünü, 
sonra yeniden öldürmek için serbest bırakildıklarını gördüm.

Acımasız olduğunu söylediler; cevabım:
Kadınların ve çocukların yüzünde korkunç açlığı gördüm.

Bütün bu cevapları verdikten sonra benim sehrimi beğenmeyenlere döndüm ve
bende onlara  aynı şekilde tepeden baktım ve onlara;

"Bana   kaba saba, sağlam ve kurnaz ve hayat dolu oldugu icin başını bu kadar gururla
 dik tutabilen bir baska şehir gösterin" dedim.

Üstüste yüklenmiş  binbir zahmetli isler arasına savrulan suntalı küfürler
burası zayıf naif sehirlerin arasına dalmış iri kıyım baş oyuncudur.

Dili dışarıda heyecanla avına atılmayi bekleyen vahşi bir hayvandir,
Vahsi doğanın içinde ayakta kalmayı beceren kurnaz yerlidir;

Bas çıplak,
Kar kürer;
Dağıtır,
Planlar,
Yapar, bozar, yeniden yapar,

Toz duman ağzına dolar, aldırmaz inci gibi dişlerle güler;
Kaderin ağır yükü altında kalmış genç bir adam gibi gülümser.

Hic kavga kaybetmemis cahil bir delikanli gibi güler.
Övünür kahkaha atar çünkü kendi bileğinin altinda halkın nabzını;
kendi göğsünde başkasının kalbini taşir.
Güler!
Gençliğin fırtınalı, boğuk, kavgacı sesiyle kahkaha atar,
Yarı çıplak, terli, domuz kasabı, Imalatçı,  Buğday Deposu, Demiryolu Sahibi ve Memleketin Baş Nakliyatçısı olmaktan gurur duyar.

Winslow Homer

Şiir: Carl Sandburg 1878-1967
Çeviri: Elif Erkmen

Chicago
New York tan sonra Amerika nin ikinci büyük şehri, iş merkezi, fabrikalar, zengin kültür hayatı, en güzel mimari yapılar, en iyi siir dergileri, en iyi universiteler, spor kulüpleri, soğuk rüzgar firtına, hepsini bir arada barindiran sehir...